Essay on Portraying the New Negro in Art - 1388 Words

During the late 19th and 20th centuries Blacks in America were debating on the proper way to define and present the Negro to America. Leaders such as Alain Lock, W.E.B. Dubois, Marcus Garvey, and Tuskegee University founder Booker T. Washington all had ideas of a New Negros who was intellectually smart, politically astute, and contributors to society in trade work. All four influential leaders wrote essays to this point of the new Negro and their representations in art and life. In â€Å"Art or Propaganda†, Locke pleas not for corrupt or overly cultured art but for art free to serve its own ends, free to choose either group expression or individualistic expression.† (National Humanities Center) In W.E.B. Du Bois speech Criteria for Negro†¦show more content†¦A notable artist Archibald Motley Jr. sought to challenge this theory by creating portraits of cinema and minstrel characters. Motley did not feel his depiction of Black culture should be limited to a singl e body of â€Å"Middle Class† intellectuals to come to a decision on if it’s proper look for Blacks in America. (Colored Pictures) Motley sought to create a variety of African American images. Motley, a Du Boisians, called for a broader view of Blacks in America. Artists as James Porter disagreed with that view felt Negros should be seen one way. Often considered Father of African-American Art History, James Porter sought to create positive images of blacks by only showing them in a morally upright ways and situations. Alain Lock and Porter had disagreeing views for the image of the New Negro. James Porter criticizes how Motley depicts the African American Negro. Porter believes that with artists such as Motley depicting negative stereotypes of the New Negro would promote a bad image. Porter openly opposed Motley with this statement like†¦Ã¢â‚¬Å"His Midsummer Night in Harlem is like one of those ludicrous billboards that once were plastered on public buildings to advertise the black-face minstrels.† Ive always wanted to paint my people just the way they were. (Archibald Motley, Jr. 1978). Archibald Motley, Jr. (1891-1981) a highly acclaimed African American artist created portraits with themes depictingShow MoreRelated The Role of Female African American Sculptors in the Harlem Renaissance1689 Words   |  7 Pagestime of global appreciation for the black culture, was a door opening for African American women. Until then, African Americans, let alone African American women, were neither respected nor recognized in the artistic world. During this time of this New Negro Movement, women sculptors were able to connect their heritages with the present issues in America. There is an abundance of culture and history to be learned from these sculptures because the artists creatively intertwine both. Meta Warrick FullerRead MoreJohn Altoon s Jazz Players From 19501396 Words   |  6 Pagesan oil on Masonite painting located in the Orange County Museum of Art in Newport Beach, Californi a. Altoon’s piece conveys a sense of art deco style with his use of bold contour line outlining geometric shapes along with his use of strong saturated colors. Altoon’s Jazz Players reflects Modernism by exemplifying cubism as well as Harlem Renaissance art through the use of angular, geometric shapes and the depiction of the â€Å"New Negro.† John Altoon was born in 1925 in Los Angeles and died in 1969 atRead MoreThe Art Of Jacob Lawrence And The Harlem Renaissance1192 Words   |  5 PagesJacob Lawrence Jacob Lawrences was born in 1917 and was an acclaimed African-American artist known for his detailed works that included the Migration Series and the War Series (Duggleby 7). His style consisted of water-based paintings portraying African-Americans life experiences in blacks and browns mixed with many bright and bold colors. Lawrence’s inspirations were based on Black Aesthetics and lives of black historical figures. The painting The Library was created in 1969. The library in theRead MoreImpact Of Langston Hughess Contribution To Harlem Renaissance1697 Words   |  7 PagesLangston Hughes contribution to Harlem Renaissance Harlem was founded back in the 17th century as a Dutch outpost. Harlem adjoins New York City and host a large population of the African American Community. The blacks found New York City to be more accommodative to their culture and ideologies, during the great migration of the early 1900s, Harlem became the major destination and it became home to many African Americans. [1] Harlem received over time, Harlem developed from a farming village to becomeRead MoreThe Effects Of Harlem Renaissance On The Street Branch Of The New York Public Library983 Words   |  4 Pages...Our problem is to conceive, develop, establish an art era. Not white art painting black...let s bare our arms and plunge them deep through laughter, through pain, through sorrow, through hope, through disappointment, into the very depths of the souls of our people and drag forth material crude, rough, neglected. Then let s sing it, dance it, write it, paint it. Let s do the impossible. Let s create something transcend entally material, mystically objective. Earthy. Spiritually earthy. DynamicRead MoreLangston Hughes : The Black Writers Of The Harlem Renaissance1488 Words   |  6 Pagesearly twentieth century, many blacks who lived in the South moved to the North to find a better way of life. Many families landed in Harlem, New York and the neighborhood eventually became rich in Black culture and traditions. The mixture of cultures, heritage and traditions eventually lead to an explosion of Black creativity in music, literature and the arts which became known as the Harlem Renaissance. As with many transitional time periods in United states History, the Harlem Renaissance had itsRead MoreBlack Cinema965 Words   |  4 Pagesalso helped voice the concerns and issues sometimes quieted and put down by political hindrances. These same hindrances that impeded on the Black Panther movement and were closely tied to political assassinations, found that they could not touch the art of film, which helped lead the movement to freedom by first moving from silence to sound. The Dutchman, written first as a play by Amiri Baraka utilizes imagery, metaphor, and irony to portray the whole of society as a machine. Baracka’s use and placedRead MoreThe Harlem Renaissance : The Rebirth Of African American Arts1708 Words   |  7 PagesHarlem Renaissance The Harlem Renaissance was a cultural, social, and artistic movement that took place in Harlem, New York. This mainly took place starting from the end of the First World War until the mid-1930s. Harlem, at this time, was the center of the African-American culture, and Harlem appealed lot of black artists, writers, scholars, musicians, poets, and photographers. Lots of these artists had fled from the South because they needed to get away from their oppressive caste system so thatRead MoreAaron Douglas Crucifixion Essay1337 Words   |  6 Pagesartists were influenced and informed by the work of exotic regions throughout the world, more specifically Africa. African Art would influence much of the Modern Movements from the latter part of the Nineteenth and the beginning of the Twentieth Centuries. Much is said of the artists within the Harlem Renaissance, and how it directly reflects the influence of Africana upon their art. Often times, this work is neglected to be considered Modern if not in specialized selections of course throughout manyRead MoreFiction in Uncle Toms Cabin by Harriet Beecher Stowe1477 Words   |  6 Pages One southern writer, William Simms, can be credited with the development of the view that Uncle Tom’s Cabin should not be used to criticize society. He stated: â€Å"The effort to create a moral argument through use of this book is a vicious abuse of art and argument. The thing cannot be done thoroughly. The book is made to yield where the fiction demands it† (Gossett 195). While William Simms did not write books seeking to correct any glaring evils, often he would lecture in his works on social and

Essay on Portraying the New Negro in Art - 1388 Words

During the late 19th and 20th centuries Blacks in America were debating on the proper way to define and present the Negro to America. Leaders such as Alain Lock, W.E.B. Dubois, Marcus Garvey, and Tuskegee University founder Booker T. Washington all had ideas of a New Negros who was intellectually smart, politically astute, and contributors to society in trade work. All four influential leaders wrote essays to this point of the new Negro and their representations in art and life. In â€Å"Art or Propaganda†, Locke pleas not for corrupt or overly cultured art but for art free to serve its own ends, free to choose either group expression or individualistic expression.† (National Humanities Center) In W.E.B. Du Bois speech Criteria for Negro†¦show more content†¦A notable artist Archibald Motley Jr. sought to challenge this theory by creating portraits of cinema and minstrel characters. Motley did not feel his depiction of Black culture should be limited to a singl e body of â€Å"Middle Class† intellectuals to come to a decision on if it’s proper look for Blacks in America. (Colored Pictures) Motley sought to create a variety of African American images. Motley, a Du Boisians, called for a broader view of Blacks in America. Artists as James Porter disagreed with that view felt Negros should be seen one way. Often considered Father of African-American Art History, James Porter sought to create positive images of blacks by only showing them in a morally upright ways and situations. Alain Lock and Porter had disagreeing views for the image of the New Negro. James Porter criticizes how Motley depicts the African American Negro. Porter believes that with artists such as Motley depicting negative stereotypes of the New Negro would promote a bad image. Porter openly opposed Motley with this statement like†¦Ã¢â‚¬Å"His Midsummer Night in Harlem is like one of those ludicrous billboards that once were plastered on public buildings to advertise the black-face minstrels.† Ive always wanted to paint my people just the way they were. (Archibald Motley, Jr. 1978). Archibald Motley, Jr. (1891-1981) a highly acclaimed African American artist created portraits with themes depictingShow MoreRelated The Role of Female African American Sculptors in the Harlem Renaissance1689 Words   |  7 Pagestime of global appreciation for the black culture, was a door opening for African American women. Until then, African Americans, let alone African American women, were neither respected nor recognized in the artistic world. During this time of this New Negro Movement, women sculptors were able to connect their heritages with the present issues in America. There is an abundance of culture and history to be learned from these sculptures because the artists creatively intertwine both. Meta Warrick FullerRead MoreJohn Altoon s Jazz Players From 19501396 Words   |  6 Pagesan oil on Masonite painting located in the Orange County Museum of Art in Newport Beach, Californi a. Altoon’s piece conveys a sense of art deco style with his use of bold contour line outlining geometric shapes along with his use of strong saturated colors. Altoon’s Jazz Players reflects Modernism by exemplifying cubism as well as Harlem Renaissance art through the use of angular, geometric shapes and the depiction of the â€Å"New Negro.† John Altoon was born in 1925 in Los Angeles and died in 1969 atRead MoreThe Art Of Jacob Lawrence And The Harlem Renaissance1192 Words   |  5 PagesJacob Lawrence Jacob Lawrences was born in 1917 and was an acclaimed African-American artist known for his detailed works that included the Migration Series and the War Series (Duggleby 7). His style consisted of water-based paintings portraying African-Americans life experiences in blacks and browns mixed with many bright and bold colors. Lawrence’s inspirations were based on Black Aesthetics and lives of black historical figures. The painting The Library was created in 1969. The library in theRead MoreImpact Of Langston Hughess Contribution To Harlem Renaissance1697 Words   |  7 PagesLangston Hughes contribution to Harlem Renaissance Harlem was founded back in the 17th century as a Dutch outpost. Harlem adjoins New York City and host a large population of the African American Community. The blacks found New York City to be more accommodative to their culture and ideologies, during the great migration of the early 1900s, Harlem became the major destination and it became home to many African Americans. [1] Harlem received over time, Harlem developed from a farming village to becomeRead MoreThe Effects Of Harlem Renaissance On The Street Branch Of The New York Public Library983 Words   |  4 Pages...Our problem is to conceive, develop, establish an art era. Not white art painting black...let s bare our arms and plunge them deep through laughter, through pain, through sorrow, through hope, through disappointment, into the very depths of the souls of our people and drag forth material crude, rough, neglected. Then let s sing it, dance it, write it, paint it. Let s do the impossible. Let s create something transcend entally material, mystically objective. Earthy. Spiritually earthy. DynamicRead MoreLangston Hughes : The Black Writers Of The Harlem Renaissance1488 Words   |  6 Pagesearly twentieth century, many blacks who lived in the South moved to the North to find a better way of life. Many families landed in Harlem, New York and the neighborhood eventually became rich in Black culture and traditions. The mixture of cultures, heritage and traditions eventually lead to an explosion of Black creativity in music, literature and the arts which became known as the Harlem Renaissance. As with many transitional time periods in United states History, the Harlem Renaissance had itsRead MoreBlack Cinema965 Words   |  4 Pagesalso helped voice the concerns and issues sometimes quieted and put down by political hindrances. These same hindrances that impeded on the Black Panther movement and were closely tied to political assassinations, found that they could not touch the art of film, which helped lead the movement to freedom by first moving from silence to sound. The Dutchman, written first as a play by Amiri Baraka utilizes imagery, metaphor, and irony to portray the whole of society as a machine. Baracka’s use and placedRead MoreThe Harlem Renaissance : The Rebirth Of African American Arts1708 Words   |  7 PagesHarlem Renaissance The Harlem Renaissance was a cultural, social, and artistic movement that took place in Harlem, New York. This mainly took place starting from the end of the First World War until the mid-1930s. Harlem, at this time, was the center of the African-American culture, and Harlem appealed lot of black artists, writers, scholars, musicians, poets, and photographers. Lots of these artists had fled from the South because they needed to get away from their oppressive caste system so thatRead MoreAaron Douglas Crucifixion Essay1337 Words   |  6 Pagesartists were influenced and informed by the work of exotic regions throughout the world, more specifically Africa. African Art would influence much of the Modern Movements from the latter part of the Nineteenth and the beginning of the Twentieth Centuries. Much is said of the artists within the Harlem Renaissance, and how it directly reflects the influence of Africana upon their art. Often times, this work is neglected to be considered Modern if not in specialized selections of course throughout manyRead MoreFiction in Uncle Toms Cabin by Harriet Beecher Stowe1477 Words   |  6 Pages One southern writer, William Simms, can be credited with the development of the view that Uncle Tom’s Cabin should not be used to criticize society. He stated: â€Å"The effort to create a moral argument through use of this book is a vicious abuse of art and argument. The thing cannot be done thoroughly. The book is made to yield where the fiction demands it† (Gossett 195). While William Simms did not write books seeking to correct any glaring evils, often he would lecture in his works on social and

Theres Someone From Our Own Backyard - 1313 Words

There’s Someone in Your Backyard Many people are afraid of house burglaries, because there is an unidentified person breaking into their home and taking their precious items. But most people do not even think about the fact that the friends and family they invite into their home can steal from them too. The media and politics in America has made the American people believe that our number one terrorist threats come from the Middle East and are Muslims, but in all reality, most terrorists have come from our own backyard. Within the last six years there have been twenty major terrorist attacks. Only three of the attacks came from people who identify as Middle Eastern. Fifteen attacks were done by people who identify as American. So my question is why is our country so afraid of Middle Easterners, and why are we blaming them for our mistakes? The idea of Middle Easterners being our number one terrorist threats stems from the 9/11 terrorist attacks. On September 11, 2001 Islamist extremist hijacked planes there were flying over the United States. Two of them flew into the Twin Towers and another flew into the Pentagon. This attack was one of the biggest attacks ever. After it happened much of the media and politics did not have many positive thoughts towards Middle Easterners. A lot of Americas Security got stricter especially Transportation Security Administration (TSA). TSA made it harder for just anybody to get into an airport by only allowing a person with a ticket passedShow MoreRelatedMy Eulogy Essay903 Words   |  4 PagesMy brother is not just someone I share blood with but someone I can rely on and look up to. Patrick, my seventeen-year-old brother, has been by my side since I was a little baby. The earliest memories I have are of Patrick and I running around in our backyard laughing and playing. As he grew older, I began to look up to him. He was everything I aspired to be: intelligent, passionate, and athletic. Patrick always seemed to know what he wanted in life, and I admired how he chased down his goals. ThereRead MoreGood Morning Ladies And Gentlemen Of The Jury1677 Words   |  7 Pageshappened that evening. Here’s what you will find out when we get our chance to present evidence. Once you hear all the evidence, including our cross-examinations, if it convinces you of anything, it will convince you that the wrong person was liable and that a grave injustice has happened. The prosecution wants you to believe that the waiter negligently served an intoxicated customer who assaulted the plaintiff. That may sound good, but there’s a problem: that’s not how it happened. Members of the juryRead MoreGood Morning Ladies And Gentlemen Of The Jury1679 Words   |  7 Pageshappened that evening. Here’s what you will find out when we get our chance to present evidence. 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One moment he or she may be a carefree child, and then suddenly realize that they have been transformed into a mature adult by a powerful and traumatic experience. An experience they will remember their whole lives. Young David Hayden, the narrator of Montana 1948 by Larry Watson, has a traumatic experience. He discovers that his uncle has been sexually assaulting NativeRead MoreSummary Of The Night 1371 Words   |  6 PagesThe day was really dreary the day Lorraine’s parents died. When she got the call from her older brother, she was told that their parents died in a fire at a bakery. After they were done with the funeral, Lorraine went home with Grandma Anna. Lorraine packed her stuff and went to live in Grandma Anna’s hotel. Kai, Lorraine’s older brother texted Lorraine that he was going to marry his fiance next month. When Lorraine goes to meet Kai and his fiancee, her neighbors gives he r some food and some necessaryRead MoreMy Life Is A Beautiful Day1408 Words   |  6 Pagesproperly talked since then, unless we spoke in front of the family. Shortly after his 13th birthday, Richard got his own room, so now I have a room all to myself. I don’t see Richard much outside of his room, he stays there and plays video games on his PlayStation, blasts heavy metal songs, and loudly talks to his friends that occasionally come over to hobnob. I walk around the backyard, rather out of boredom. I’m lost in thought- I’m completely careless to what’s happening around me. That is, until

Contrast Organic Food vs Processed Food free essay sample

How important is the food that the averages person puts into their bodies every day? Eating is a way of making peace, passing the time, sharing friendships, and having a communion. The narrator of Food Inc points out that, â€Å"The way we eat has changed more in the last 50 years than in the previous 10,000† (2008). How has it changed? Americans have gone from eating hunter-gatherer style organic greens and fruits, to severely processed sugars, carbohydrates, and high protein meats. Most Americans eat something similar to a â€Å"chicken and pasta† diet nowadays. This may not be bad, but is this â€Å"new† food really better for us than what people ate 50 and 100 years ago? Organic foods are substances that are produced using ways that do not involve modern unneeded synthetic pesticides and chemical fertilizers. Organic foods are also not processed using irradiation, industrial solvents, or chemical food additives (dictionary). Convenience food, or tertiary processed food, is commercially prepared food designed for ease of buying and consuming. Products designated as â€Å"convenience or processed foods† are often prepared so they can be sold as hot, ready-to-serve plates; as room-temperature, long lasting shelf life products; or as refrigerated or frozen products that require minimal preparation (usually just microwaving). There are studies that show that the food people consume on a daily basis Taylor 2 can influence them for years to come, and can impact the longevity of lives through weight fluctuation, energy, and healing powers. The most common ads on TV nowadays are weight loss commercials. The average American is overweight, sluggish, and unhealthy. More than one-third of U. S. adults (35. 7%) are obese (Ogden). How does food control our weight? Does processed food cause weight gain more than organic would? Processed and packaged food is filled with unnatural dyes, toxins, and genetically modified ingredients that our bodies don’t know how to react to. These artificial chemicals give the food flavor, color, and a long shelf life, but they also build up in the body and cause the nutritional system to be confused, blocked, and set into fat-storing mode (Davis, William). Consuming fresh vegetables, fruits, and other items grown naturally without any preservatives is what the body naturally expects. It’s easy for that sustenance to be converted to energy because that’s what one’s body expects. An organic diet usually results in a trimmer and more energetic body and mind set. Eating organic is not always helpful to one’s budget; the supply of organic food is more limited than the demand. Handling the food results in higher costs because of the mandatory separation of organic and conventional products, and selling and dispersing the organic food throughout the country can also result in higher costs because it’s rather inefficient and the volumes are smaller (FAO: Food and Agriculture Organization). Fast food may appear to be cheap food and, in the literal sense it often is, but that is because huge social and environmental costs are being excluded from the calculations. Taylor 3 Any analysis of the real cost would have to look at such things as the rise in food-borne illnesses, the advent of new pathogens, such as E. coli 0157, antibiotic resistance from the overuse of drugs in animal feed, extensive water pollution from intensive agricultural systems and many other factors. These costs are not reflected in the price of fast food (Prince Charles). Beyond prices is food security. Can farmers produce enough organic food to sustain the global population? Conventionally made food is easier to find, a lower price, and quicker to prepare. But organic food does yield more than one would think (Michigan State University). The wrong foods have been known to cause diseases, but the right ones have also been known to prevent them, or rid the body of harmful toxins causing the illness. Although human bodies are incredibly adaptable and may maintain themselves for a long time when nutrition is improper or lacking, ideal health is dependent on optimum nutrition. † (Allman, 9). â€Å"In 1972, the FDA conducted approximately 50,000 food safety inspections. In 2006, the FDA conducted 9,164† (Food, Inc). Not all food is safe for the body to digest. This quote is not saying that all processed food is bad for the body, and hat all organic food is perfect, it’s saying that most food people eat isn’t as clean as it used to be which is much like â€Å"going backwards† from all the progress America has made with food codes and regulations. The question throughout all of this still stands, â€Å"Can the food one eats truly help them live longer? † One of the oldest people alive, Walter Breuning, had an interview about his diet recently. All his life he’s said that most people eat â€Å"just too darn much† (Sanders). Breuning hasn’t eaten supper for the past 35 years. He eats lots of fruit, lots of vegetables, and drinks a Taylor 4 arge amount of water. He says that’s the way he likes it, and there’s no denying that it’s helped him go far beyond the average lifespan of an adult male. Whether one considers their weight, lifespan, budget, or general health next time they go out to the grocery store, or consume something to eat, it’s always good to consider something. Mindless eating doesn’t benefit anyone. Do people â€Å"eat to live,† or do they â€Å"live to eat? † Food can affect our weight, lifespan, energy, and health. Eating will never go out of style, and it will always be something that’s talked about in everyday lives.

Significance of Shifts Fostering Lifelong Learning and Human Capital Formation

Literature Review Importance of education in human capital formation is subject to debate in formulating education policies. The influence of globalization, impact of conflict on education, performance measurements for the various stages in education and knowledge transfer with the aim of creating a knowledge economy form the basis of discussion in instilling lifelong learning and forming human capital.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Significance of Shifts Fostering Lifelong Learning and Human Capital Formation specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Borghans and Heijke (2005) argue that governments have had structures to link education to the labor market for a long time. The authors reiterate these using six points of view regarding the informing nature of economies and labor market demands on education. Green (2002) who seems to share similar sentiments with Borghans and Heijke (2005) argue that political and econom ic efficiency of the production process of education are critical to its success. Although globalization centers on policymaking in divulging knowledge, Jallabe and Mora (2001) digress. They argue that universities’ adherence to Lifelong Learning is hampered, to some extent, by national policies, academic traditions and financial pressures. The manner in which international discourse on Lifelong Learning affects policy-making remains vague and subject to the above factors. This contrasts with Aucoin (2011) who critically elucidates on the massive opportunities and threats that globalization and embracing of ICT has brought to human capital formation and policy formulation. Aucoin (2011) compares knowledge societies and knowledge economies of developing nations and developed nations. Developed nations pursue knowledge economies, which is the basis for comparative advantage.Advertising Looking for essay on education? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Doyle (2008) compares systems of education in France and England based on the PISA 2000 benchmark. She looks critically at the PISA program concerning inequality in attainment of education and inequality levels. The study finds the PISA program useful for comparison of inequality but finds fault in its use as a performance tool in comparing pupils and students. Doyle (2008) finds that the traditional setting of a country is a contributor to the performance of students. Previous studies echo the same sentiments (Green 2002, Borghans and Heijke 2005). Additionally, the study questions the universal applicability of the parameters PISA uses to measure the level of proficiency in reading literacy. This includes retrieving information, interpreting texts and reflection. Fuchs and Wà ¶ÃƒÅ¸mann (2007) dissect the PISA program as a tool to measure students’ performance. The study finds that institutional contribution to students’ performance is sig nificantly low compared to other factors such as family backgrounds, inputs from home and availability of useful education resources. They term these as ‘student characteristics’. In contrast to Doyle (2008), this study analyzes the effect of external exam and budget formulation. Additionally, the two look at the autonomy of a school while selecting crucial learning materials (such as textbooks), hiring tutors and the allocation of budget within the school.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Significance of Shifts Fostering Lifelong Learning and Human Capital Formation specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More This has been contentious and empirical evidence has not conclusively supported or negated the findings of this study. Over time, the definition of education concerning policymaking and its consequences has been a subject of many studies (Carpenter and Hughes 2011). Carpenter and Hughes (2011) examine the speeches of political leaders and policymakers over a period of seven years. This gubernatorial rhetoric, as Carpenter and Hughes (2011) find, centers on the efficiency that education brings to the economy. The two conclude that the rhetoric that seems to define education with an economic dimension ignores other important needs for education. They state other crucial educational benefits such as self-realization, civic responsibility, development of human relationships and economic efficiency (Carpenter and Hughes 2011, pg 6). Fuchs and Wà ¶ÃƒÅ¸mann (2007) discuss the issue of exit examinations thoroughly. They conclude that performance in math and science subjects have a positive correlation with exit exams. They also find that private institutions have a higher performance than public institutions. Fuchs and Wà ¶ÃƒÅ¸mann (2007), however, note that public institutions with private finding do not measure up with private institutions. Other empirical studies had concluded as such with a little digression when it comes to the science subject. Currently, the world is constantly engulfed in fear of war. Selected countries have had long spells of unrest especially in the developing world. The effect of war on education has been passively mentioned in various studies (Borghans and Heijke 2005, Fuchs and Wà ¶ÃƒÅ¸mann 2007).Advertising Looking for essay on education? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Davies (2005) takes an in-depth look into the effects of war on education and the ways in which education contributes or propagates wars. The study argues that education creates divisions (religious, ethnic, status) which make some people feel inferior (Lindahl and Cain 2012). The root of this is selective application of education, distortion of curricula, creation of fear and competition. She reiterates that this may not be obvious to curriculum developers. However, continued emphasis in media, and at the society level makes education seem like a demigod (Lindahl and Cain 2012). However, Davies (2005), who looks at it from a positive and negative side, (Carpenter and Hughes 2011) empirically, proves that sentiments of this nature do not solve the underlying problems. Additionally, Aucoin (2011) digresses by saying that this view is archaic. His study on the globalization and education impact on war, suggests that time has come for each person to have an education. However, the stud y states clearly that advancement of knowledge societies should be the concern of governments. Rather, governments should not focus on knowledge economics since this creates divides and hence sentiments towards educated segments. Davies (2005) points out positive aspects such as global education citizenship and peace education initiatives. The study outlines initiatives that the author finds possibly useful in quelling the fear of the educated. However, these initiatives may not be universally applicable according to Carpenter and Hughes (2011). However, it is evident that Davies (2005) laments the fact that war and aggression will never cease in the world. This means that education may continue to be threatened or it may continue to threaten peace in the world. Although many international organizations have been trying to enact universal education (Jallabe and Mora 2001) through LLL, majority of countries have disseminated national LLLs. They are specifically configured to make the countries more competitive. This includes EU and US. The two main objectives of LLL are social and economic. However, in countries where precedence over the proposed LLL has been overlooked, there are other priorities. This includes solving unemployment problems, labor market development and career development. This is similar to the situation in the United States (Carpenter and Hughes 2011). In Canada according to a study by Aucoin (2011), policies tend to be geared towards nationalization. However, there is a relaxed adherence to LLL. Lifelong learning in the education sector benefits nations that have increasingly seen the need for universal education (Lindahl and Cain 2012). The disadvantage with LLL is that there are countries that are barely able to meet the needs of the basic education, let alone other issues like health care and infrastructure developments (Jallabe Mora 2001, 369). Making these countries take on LLL exposes them to financial difficulties. Learning on a glo balized scale has various effects on different countries. With the practice, demography change and globalization are seen to determine the education system and its influence in the lives of the individuals (Green 2002). Evidently, human capital formation is the central theme in the dissemination of knowledge (Green 2002). However, it has taken an economic and national dimension (Jallabe and Mora 2001). Although this may be the formula for solving national, economic and political problems, it does not auger well in the globalization of education (Aucoin 2011). Production and use of human capital should not have one goal (Borghans and Heijke 2005). Additionally, it should reflect the need to have a safer world (Davies 2005). According to Borghans and Heijke (2005), the growing need for knowledge, labor market uncertainties and complicated ways of acquiring education (Aucoin 2011) requires explicit investigation into production and use of human capital. This is because there is an econ omic dimension to it. The two echo earlier studies by Green (2002), Jallabe and Mora (2001). In my own opinion, the education sector will not be standardized in the future since it has failed in the past. Globalization will bring more options to the education sector without necessarily standardizing it. The need to have economic and labor market superiority will continue to dampen efforts at making education to be all-round. Additionally, education will propagate more wars than before especially in the developed nations. In the developing nations, the same may happen but this means that resources will be redirected which may cause an international outcry. Reference List Aucoin, R 2011, ‘Information and Communication Technologies in International Education: A Canadian Policy Analysis’, International Journal of Education Policy and Leadership, vol. 6 no. 4, pp 1-11. Borghans, L Heijke, H 2005, ‘The Production and Use of Human Capital: Introduction’, Educatio n Economics, Vol. 13 no. 2, pp 133. Carpenter, D M Hughes, H 2011, ‘Gubernatorial rhetoric and the purpose of education in the United States’, International Journal of Education Policy and Leadership, vol. 6 no. 6. Davies, L 2005, ‘Schools and War: Urgent Agendas for Comparative and International Education’, Compare, Vol. 35 no. 4, pp 357–371. Doyle, A 2008, ‘Educational performance or educational inequality: what can we learn from PISA about France and England’? Compare, vol. 38 no. 2, pp 205. Fuchs, T. Wà ¶ÃƒÅ¸mann, L 2007, ‘What Accounts for International Differences in Student Performance? A Re-examination Using PISA Data’, Empirical Economics, vol. 32, pp 433-464. Green, A 2002, ‘The Many Faces of Lifelong Learning: Recent Education Policy Trends in Europe’, Education Policy, Vol. 17 no. 6, pp 611-626. Jallabe, J Mora, J 2001, ‘Lifelong Learning: International Injunctions and University Practicesà ¢â‚¬â„¢, European Journal of Education, vol. 36, pp 361-377. Lindahl, R A Cain, P M 2012, ‘A Study of School Size among Alabama’s Public High Schools’, International Journal of Education Policy and Leadership vol. 7 no. 1, pp 1-27. 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